Botanical Name :- Azadirachta indica A.Juss.,
Family :- Meliaceae.
Synonyms :-Azadirachta indica var. minor Valeton, Azadirachta indica var. siamensis Valeton, Azadirachta indica subsp. vartakii Kothari, Londhe & N.P.Singh., Antelaea javanica Gaertn., Antelaea canescens Cels ex Heynh.; Melia azadirachta L.; Melia indica (A. Juss.) Brandis
Regional Name :- English : Margosa Trees,Hindi : Nim, Nimb,Sanskrit : Arista, Picumarda, Urdu : Neem, Punjabi :Nim, Nimba, Bakam, Assamese :Mahanim, Bengali :Nim, Nimgacha, Gujrati :Kadvo Limbdo, Kannada :Bevu, Kahibevu, Nimba, Oilevevu, Malayalam :Veppu, Aruveppu, Marathi :Balantanimba, Kadunimb, Limba, Oriya :Nimba, Tamil :Veppai, Vembu, Telugu :Vemu, Vepa
Part Used :- Bark, Leaves, Seeds and Oil.
Description :- Neem is native to India and the Indian subcontinent including Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Within India, it is commonly found throughout the greater part, and is often cultivated. Nimba is a moderate sized to fairly large, evergreen tree, attaining a height of 12-15 m with stout trunk and spreading branches, occurring up to an elevation of 900 m. Bark varies much in thickness according to age and parts of tree from where it is taken; extemal surface rough, fissured and rusty-grey; laminated inner surface yellowish and foliaceous, fracture, fibrous; odour, characteristic; taste, bitter.
Phytoconstituents :- The main chemical constituents of Neem are Bitter principles Nimbin and Nimbiol. It is also contains isomeldenin, nimbinene, 6-desacetyll nimbinene, nimbandiol, immobile, nimocinol, quercetin, and beta-sitostero.
Ayurvedic Properties :- Rasa :Tikta, Guna : Laghu, Ruksa, Vipaka :Katu, Virya :Sita, Karma :Kandughna, Kaphahara, Pittahara, Visaghna, Vranasodhanakara, Hrdayavidahasantikara.
Ayurvedic Applications :- Daha, Jvara, Krmiroga, Kandu, Kustha, Prameha, Rakta Pitta, Vrana
Medicinal Uses :- The all parts of Neem are used to treat fever, intrinsic haemorrhage, bleeding piles, wound, oedema, , arthritis, skin diseases, diabetes, eye diseases, ring worms, healing wounds, eczema, leucorrhoea, jaundice, for fumigation, diseases of teeth, heart diseases, as specific digestive and diseases of vagina.